Tic Tac Toe game for one of the retroCity pages

tic tac toe.ipynb

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+# Tic Tac Toe
+
+  
+
+import random
+
+ 
+
+def drawBoard(board):
+
+      # This function prints out the board that it was passed.
+
+       # "board" is a list of 10 strings representing the board (ignore index 0)
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+      print(' ' + board[7] + ' | ' + board[8] + ' | ' + board[9])
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+      print('-----------')
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+      print(' ' + board[4] + ' | ' + board[5] + ' | ' + board[6])
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+      print('-----------')
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+      print(' ' + board[1] + ' | ' + board[2] + ' | ' + board[3])
+
+      print('   |   |')
+
+ 
+
+def inputPlayerLetter():
+
+      # Lets the player type which letter they want to be.
+
+      # Returns a list with the player<65>s letter as the first item, and the computer's letter as the second.
+
+      letter = ''
+
+      while not (letter == 'X' or letter == 'O'):
+
+          print('Do you want to be X or O?')
+
+          letter = input().upper()
+
+ 
+
+      # the first element in the list is the player<65>s letter, the second is the computer's letter.
+
+      if letter == 'X':
+
+          return ['X', 'O']
+
+      else:
+
+          return ['O', 'X']
+
+ 
+
+def whoGoesFirst():
+
+      # Randomly choose the player who goes first.
+
+      if random.randint(0, 1) == 0:
+
+          return 'computer'
+
+      else:
+
+
+          return 'player'
+
+ 
+
+def playAgain():
+
+      # This function returns True if the player wants to play again, otherwise it returns False.
+
+      print('Do you want to play again? (yes or no)')
+
+      return input().lower().startswith('y')
+
+ 
+
+def makeMove(board, letter, move):
+
+      board[move] = letter
+
+ 
+
+def isWinner(bo, le):
+
+      # Given a board and a player<65>s letter, this function returns True if that player has won.
+
+      # We use bo instead of board and le instead of letter so we don<6F>t have to type as much.
+
+      return ((bo[7] == le and bo[8] == le and bo[9] == le) or # across the top
+
+      (bo[4] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[6] == le) or # across the middle
+
+      (bo[1] == le and bo[2] == le and bo[3] == le) or # across the bottom
+
+      (bo[7] == le and bo[4] == le and bo[1] == le) or # down the left side
+
+      (bo[8] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[2] == le) or # down the middle
+
+      (bo[9] == le and bo[6] == le and bo[3] == le) or # down the right side
+
+      (bo[7] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[3] == le) or # diagonal
+
+      (bo[9] == le and bo[5] == le and bo[1] == le)) # diagonal
+
+ 
+
+def getBoardCopy(board):
+
+      # Make a duplicate of the board list and return it the duplicate.
+
+      dupeBoard = []
+
+ 
+
+      for i in board:
+
+          dupeBoard.append(i)
+
+ 
+
+      return dupeBoard
+
+ 
+
+def isSpaceFree(board, move):
+
+      # Return true if the passed move is free on the passed board.
+
+      return board[move] == ' '
+
+ 
+
+def getPlayerMove(board):
+
+      # Let the player type in their move.
+
+      move = ' '
+
+      while move not in '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'.split() or not isSpaceFree(board, int(move)):
+
+          print('What is your next move? (1-9)')
+
+          move = input()
+
+      return int(move)
+
+ 
+
+def chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, movesList):
+
+      # Returns a valid move from the passed list on the passed board.
+
+      # Returns None if there is no valid move.
+
+      possibleMoves = []
+
+      for i in movesList:
+
+          if isSpaceFree(board, i):
+
+              possibleMoves.append(i)
+
+ 
+
+      if len(possibleMoves) != 0:
+
+          return random.choice(possibleMoves)
+
+      else:
+
+          return None
+
+ 
+
+def getComputerMove(board, computerLetter):
+
+      # Given a board and the computer's letter, determine where to move and return that move.
+
+  if computerLetter == 'X':
+
+     playerLetter = 'O'
+
+  else:
+
+     playerLetter = 'X'
+
+  for i in range(1, 10):
+
+      copy = getBoardCopy(board)
+
+      if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
+
+          makeMove(copy, computerLetter, i)
+
+          if isWinner(copy, computerLetter):
+
+             return i
+
+
+     # Check if the player could win on their next move, and block them
+  for i in range(1, 10):
+
+      copy = getBoardCopy(board)
+
+      if isSpaceFree(copy, i):
+
+          makeMove(copy, playerLetter, i)
+
+          if isWinner(copy, playerLetter):
+
+             return i
+
+
+
+     # Try to take one of the corners, if they are free.
+
+  move = chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [1, 3, 7, 9])
+
+  if move != None:
+
+     return move
+
+
+
+     # Try to take the center, if it is free.
+
+  if isSpaceFree(board, 5):
+
+     return 5
+
+
+
+     # Move on one of the sides.
+
+  return chooseRandomMoveFromList(board, [2, 4, 6, 8])
+
+
+
+def isBoardFull(board):
+
+     # Return True if every space on the board has been taken. Otherwise return False.
+  for i in range(1, 10):
+
+    if isSpaceFree(board, i):
+
+      return False
+
+  return True
+
+
+
+
+
+print('Welcome to Tic Tac Toe!')
+
+
+
+while True:
+
+     # Reset the board
+
+     theBoard = [' '] * 10
+
+     playerLetter, computerLetter = inputPlayerLetter()
+
+     turn = whoGoesFirst()
+
+     print('The ' + turn + ' will go first.')
+
+     gameIsPlaying = True
+
+
+
+     while gameIsPlaying:
+
+         if turn == 'player':
+
+             # Player<65>s turn.
+
+             drawBoard(theBoard)
+
+             move = getPlayerMove(theBoard)
+
+             makeMove(theBoard, playerLetter, move)
+
+
+
+             if isWinner(theBoard, playerLetter):
+
+                 drawBoard(theBoard)
+
+                 print('Hooray! You have won the game!')
+
+                 gameIsPlaying = False
+
+             else:
+
+                 if isBoardFull(theBoard):
+
+                     drawBoard(theBoard)
+
+                     print('The game is a tie!')
+
+                     break
+
+                 else:
+
+                     turn = 'computer'
+
+
+
+         else:
+
+             # Computer<65>s turn.
+
+             move = getComputerMove(theBoard, computerLetter)
+
+             makeMove(theBoard, computerLetter, move)
+
+
+
+             if isWinner(theBoard, computerLetter):
+
+                 drawBoard(theBoard)
+
+                 print('The computer has beaten you! You lose.')
+
+                 gameIsPlaying = False
+
+             else:
+
+                 if isBoardFull(theBoard):
+
+                     drawBoard(theBoard)
+
+                     print('The game is a tie!')
+
+                     break
+
+                 else:
+
+                     turn = 'player'
+
+
+
+     if not playAgain():
+
+         break
+